The Indus Valley Civilization - 1488 Words

The Indian society adopted a class or caste system from the Indus Valley people. Just like the Indus society had priest rulers, the Indian society has the high class Indian Brahmins, which are seen as the priestly class. Trade was a very big part of the Indus Valley society, everything that they did, everything that they made was to ensure that they were able to create and trade more effectively. The class system during the Indus Valley civilization is extremely similar to the class system seen in Pakistan and India today. There were farmers, who grew crops, mustard, sesame, grapes, dates, melons, and khan. There were traders, these people were extremely good at what they did, and this is one of the reasons why the Indus Valley Civilization was able to prosper for so long. There were craftsmen, these people made things for people to use in everyday life. Just like today, they would be people that would make things and other people who would buy them. This contributed to the stabilit y of the Indus civilization. Just like most ancient civilizations, priests played an important part in ruling the civilization. They were seen as the closest to God, and that is why they were given such authority and power. For people who follow religions, the religious leaders are very important because they are seen as all knowing are respected by the people of the religious community. Just like the present, people in the Indus Valley Civilization loved fashion and some of these fashionsShow MoreRelatedIndus Valley Civilization Essay725 Words   |  3 PagesThe Indus Valley civilization is located in India along the Indus River. India is a subcontinent in a region known as South Asia. Two capital cities in this area are Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa. To this day it includes three out of ten of the world’s most populous countries, two mountain nations, and an island nation. Which includes India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh(countries), Nepal and Bhutan(mountains), and Sri Lanka(island). The Indus civilization lasted from 2600 to 1900 B.C. and was known asRead MoreA Brief Note On The Civilization And The Indus Valley Civilization860 Words   |  4 Pagesother signs of urban life. 2. Indus Valley civilization: The Indus Valley civilization is located in present day Pakistan. This civilization had evidence to provide little indications of no political hierarchy or centralized. 3. Central Asian/ Oxus civilization: A civilization that was economically based on irrigation agriculture and stock raising. This civilization was a focal point of a Eurasian-wide system of intellectual and commercial exchange. This civilization started to fade away by 1700Read MoreThe Indus Valley Civilization ( 3300-1300 Bce ) Essay1799 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction The Indus Valley Civilization (3300–1300 BCE) was the one among the greatest early civilzation of the Old World alongside the ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia (Wright 2009, Wright 2010), which developed in South Asia along perennially flowing Indus and Ghaggar-Hakra ( also called as Saraswati) river in northwest India and eastern Pakistan (Wright 2010, Giosan 2012, Maemoku 2013). Though least studies so far, emerging archeological studies suggest that the Indus Valley (oftenly called Harappa)Read MoreIndian social and political ideas can be traced back to the Indus Valley Civilization. Hinduism was1200 Words   |  5 Pages Indian social and political ideas can be traced back to the Indus Valley Civilization. Hinduism was a defining religion of the Indus valley culture and remained a key political entity until emperor Ashoka came. He established Buddhism and spread it throughout Asia. The Mauryas rejuvenated Hinduism and Islam even came in the eighth century. The Mughal Empire allowed India to become united despite all the different religions and cultures. However, this did not last long because the Europeans hadRead MoreIndus River Valley Civilization758 Words   |  4 PagesThe Indus River Valley civilization was an ancient civilization located on a subcontinent called India. The Indus River Valley civilization was naturally isolated by the Himalayas and the east and west Ghat mountains. The ancient civilization was located near a river, like most of the ancient civilizations of their time. Because India was surrounded by mountains on all sides, the subcontinent was very prone to attacks. A major problem for the Indus River Valley civilization was the constant monsoonsRead MoreIndia Of The Indus Valley Civilization1087 Words   |  5 PagesIndia, the Indus Valley civilization is truly an ancient seat of human civilization. Being the seventh largest country in the world, India has always been rich in both natural and human resources. So far as human hi story goes India towers in its achievements among which would be included written language, philosophy and one of the earliest large scale urban civilizations. The history of India is replete with many examples of the integration of indigenous peoples with the migrating peoples of theRead MoreCause of the Disappearance of the Indus Valley Civilization1675 Words   |  7 PagesThere are many theories as to the cause of the disappearance of the Indus valley civilization, including violent conflict with the Aryans, intermarriage with the Aryans, floods, drought, and/or decline in trade with other societies. Topic 1: On several occasions in class, we discussed the processes of accretion and syncretism. Describe and analyze the cross-cultural influences in a Mediterranean and Indus Valley context. Your essay should provide examples of cultural (remember the components ofRead MoreSimilarities Between Civilizations And Ancient Civilizations1403 Words   |  6 Pages Although the Mesopotamia civilization was thought to be located in between the Tigris and Euphrates river , which is now west of Iraq , and the Indus Valley civilization was thought to be located near the Indus Valley , now New Delhi , India , these two civilizations have many similarities and also many differences . These specific similarities and differences range from location , religion , way of life , types of governments , political structures , social structures , intuitions and many moreRead MoreComparing The River Valley Civilizations1509 Words   |  7 PagesComparing and Contrasting River Valley Civilizations In the following treatise, the research that will be presented will provide criteria involving similarities and differences in three attributes of life in the four primary river valley civilizations. The river valley civilizations are composed of Mesopotamia, Egypt, the Indus Valley, and China. While each of these civilizations is unique in their habits and traditions, they share many similar qualities. For this work to be as comprehensive asRead MoreComparing The Nile, Mesopotamia, And Indus Civilizations1475 Words   |  6 PagesComparing the Nile, Mesopotamia, and Indus Civilizations The civilizations of the Nile River valley, the Mesopotamia valley, and Indus Valley marked human progress toward fixed settlements and the development of a rich culture. These civilizations shared many characteristics that contributed to their success. What made these civilizations unique were the contributions that each one gave to the world. They contributed their own ideas and accomplishments in the areas of religion, science, and mathematics

Growth Scenario of New Zealand-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1.Bloxham claimed that New Zealand was the fastest growing of the 34 OECD economies in the last year. State the latest annual growth rate available for New Zealand and Australia and work out how many years it would take for New Zealands per capita GDP to overtake that of Australias? 2.New Zealand is considered a rock star Economy. Using the Income Accounting identity explain which sectors have performed well. 3.The Closer Economic Relations (CER) deal signed by Australia and New Zealand is considered a key element of which type of Economic Policy Consensus? 4.Explain the effects of the mining boom on the Australian Economy. Answers: 1.New Zealand, one of the members of the OECD countries, has been experiencing impressive economic growth in the recent periods. The growth rate of GDP of this country has increased from 2.5% (2015) to 3.1% (2016), with the GDP rising to USD 182 billion (2016) from USD 173 billion (2015). The per capita GDP of the country also showed substantial growth from $37,294 in 2015 to $38,320 in 2016 (Dailytelegraph.com.au, 2017). On the other hand, Australia has remained a consistent performer in economic growth scenario. The countrys GDP has increased from 1,230 billion dollars in 2015, to 1,260 billion dollars in 2016. However, the growth rate of GDP has slowed in the current years from 2.4% (2015) to only 2.5% (2016). The per capita GDP has increased from 51,363 USD in 2015 to 51,878 USD in 2016 (Data.worldbank.org, 2017). The growth rate of per capita GDP for the two countries can be calculated by using the following formula (Pitt.edu, 2017): Growth Rate of per capita GDP = GDP per capita of Year (2015) GDP per capita of Year (2016) Therefore, the growth rate of GDP per capita of New Zealand, = (38,32037,294) -1 = 0.027 = 0.03 (3% Approx) The growth rate of GDP per capita of Australia, = (51,878-51,363) -1 = 0.01 (1% Approx) To calculate the period of time both the countries will take to double the growth rates of per capita GDP, the Rule of 70 can be used. However, this formula cannot show the time period New Zealand will take to over-take the per capita GDP of Australia. To calculate that, the following method can be used (Pitt.edu, 2017): Future Value (FV) of GDP per capita = Current Value of GDP per capita (1+ GR)n [Where, GR = Current Growth Rate of GDP per capita and n = Number of years in future] Using the above formula the following statistics can be noticed for both the countries: FV for New Zealand = 38,320*(1+0.03)n FV for Australia= 51,878*(1+0.01)n n Australia New Zealand 15 60,228 59,701 20 63,301 69,210 Therefore, it can be concluded from the above growth statistics that New Zealand will over-take the per capita GDP of Australia within fifteen to twenty years from the current time. 2.Over the recent years, New Zealand has shown an impressive growth in its economy, with the growth rate of GDP being 3.1% in 2016, which is more than almost majority of the OECD countries. This growth is a cumulative effect of the growths in different sectors of the economy, which can be studied with the help of the National Income Accounting Method (Johnson and Noguera 2012): The components of GDP of a country at a particular point of time are as follows: C Private Consumption Expenditure in the economy I Private Investment Expenditure in the economy G Public or Government Expenditure (Both Public Consumption and Investment are included this component) NX Net Exports (Exports Imports) Mathematically, GDP = C + I + G + NX [National Income Accounting Equation (Cooper, Edey and Peacock 2013)] The sector wise growth scenario of New Zealand is discussed below: C- In the recent period, the nominal value of the private consumption expenditures has not increased considerably in the country. However, the real value of consumption has increased comparatively at a higher rate. This implies that the consumption pattern has not changed substantially in the country (Fairburn 2013). I- During recession, the private investment expenditures in the country, fell considerably, to 15.1% of the Real GDP of the country. However, post recession the investment expenditures gained pace and investment consists of 18.7% of the Real GDP of New Zealand in the recent years (Downes, Hanslow and Tulip 2014). G- Compared to the private consumption expenditures, the public consumption expenditures expanded at a much higher rate in the country, indicating a major change in the pattern of public consumption over the years. However, the public investment did not show any impressive growth, in the current period; it consists of 21% of Real GDP of the country, which is lower than 21.6%, the average for the last two decades (Parkyn and Vehbi 2014) . NX- The trade sector of New Zealand improved largely after the country experienced Liberalization in the external sector, facilitating easy exports and imports. Post 1980s, the country saw huge increase in the both the quantities of exports and imports. However, the increase in the volume of imports was much higher than the increase in the volume of exports, indicating that the country gained capability of importing more goods and services (especially technological innovations) (Fabling and Sanderson 2015). From the above discussion, it is evident barring the private consumption expenditures and the public government expenditures, all other components of the GDP of New Zealand increased impressively in the recent years, contributing significantly to its huge economic growth and making it one of the fastest growing economies among the thirty-four OECD countries. 3.One of the most significant economic phenomena, witnessed by both Australia and New Zealand, which contributed significantly in shaping up the economy of both the countries and became one of the major reasons of their current prosperity, is the Closer Economic Relations (CER), which came into force in 1983. The CER was mainly a free trade agreement between both the countries, one of the most successful one of its kind (News.com.au, 2017). Under this agreement, the main policies taken were elimination of all types of price and non-price quotas, tariffs and any other trade restrictions that were present between the two countries, which were creating impediments on path of their economic growth (Kelsey 2015). The main objective behind this step was economic integration of two leading global economies and creation of a Single Economic Market, which implied that all the goods and services that can be bought in one of these two countries would also be available in the other country. Unde r this agreement, the residents of both New Zealand and Australia were enabled to move, work and live in any of these countries freely, which facilitated two way trades and employment significantly (Leslie and Elijah 2012). Due to this agreement, both the countries experienced significant growth their market shares in the global scenario, leading to a growth in their economy. With the advent of CER, many Australian entrepreneurs migrated to New Zealand and prospered hugely with time. The same also happened for entrepreneurs of New Zealand. The symbiotic growth relationships resulted in a more than eight to nine per cent growth of economy of both the countries (Kelsey 2015). New Zealand was specifically benefitted due to this agreement of free trade. Due to the creation of the Single Economic Market, it became immensely easy for businessmen of New Zealand to expand their business to Australia, thereby creating a huge exposure for their products and services, providing them a market almost the size of Queensland. Australia, on the other hand, became one of the biggest sources of the countrys FDI (Fairburn 2013). The economy of New Zealand prospered both ways, by gaining huge Australian markets and by draw ing huge investments from the country, contributing to the GDP of New Zealand. Therefore, CER is evidently one of the primary contributors in the fast and impressive economic growth of New Zealand in the recent periods (News.com.au, 2017). 4.Australia experienced a mining boom of enormous magnitude at around 2003, which was a result of a sudden upsurge in the demand of ores, especially iron ores, in the global market and specifically in China and some other Asian countries. This huge demand hike, increased the price of the goods, especially iron ores and the country experienced more than three times increase in the price of the iron ores that they produced in large quantities, within a decade (Downes, Hanslow and Tulip 2014). Like CER, the mining boom another significant phenomenon, this contributed substantially, in shaping up the economy of the country. The mining boom in Australia, not only raised the GDP and the GDP growth rate of the country, but also significantly contributed in raising the standard of living of the citizens as a whole. The main beneficiaries of this economic boom were the giants in the mining industry. However, the benefits also hugely percolated to the working class, who saw a massive increase in their nominal as well as real wages, employment and over all lifestyle. The private investment in the mining sector, increased from 2% to 8% during this period as more and more companies ventured in the industry (Langton and Longbottom 2012). The effects of the boom in the mining industry in Australia withered away in the recent period. The primary reason behind this was a massive fall, in the demand as well as price of the iron ores, the country exported, in the international market. This, as a result, lead to a tremendous downsizing of the overall budget of the country (Downes, Hanslow and Tulip 2014). Over the years, due to the boom in the mining sector, this sector remained a major contributor in the countrys GDP and the country over-emphasized on this sector, with increasing investment on mining, sometimes at the cost of drawing resources from other sectors, which had potentials to prosper. Therefore, with the downsizing of the mining sector, the economic growth of the country experienced an overall slowdown (Langton and Longbottom 2012 References Cooper, R., Edey, H.C. and Peacock, A.T., 2013.National income and social accounting. Routledge. Dailytelegraph.com.au (2017).The Kiwis are on our economic tails. [online] Dailytelegraph.com.au. Available at: https://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/business/jessica-irvine/new-zealand-is-kicking-australias-economy/news- story/cdce93e5511f96f9b45a3406ddef4805 [Accessed 17 Aug. 2017]. Data.worldbank.org (2017).Countries | Data. [online] Data.worldbank.org. Available at: https://data.worldbank.org/country/ [Accessed 16 Aug. 2017]. Downes, P.M., Hanslow, K. and Tulip, P., 2014. The effect of the mining boom on the Australian economy. Fabling, R. and Sanderson, L., 2015. Export Performance, Invoice Currency and Heterogeneous Exchange Rate Pass?through.The World Economy,38(2), pp.315-339. Fairburn, M., 2013.The ideal society and its enemies: Foundations of modern New Zealand society, 1850-1900. Auckland University Press. Johnson, R.C. and Noguera, G., 2012. Accounting for intermediates: Production sharing and trade in value added.Journal of international Economics,86(2), pp.224-236. Kelsey, J., 2015.Reclaiming the future: New Zealand and the global economy. Bridget Williams Books. Kelsey, J., 2015.The New Zealand experiment: A world model for structural adjustment?. Bridget Williams Books. Langton, M. and Longbottom, J. eds., 2012.Community futures, legal architecture: foundations for Indigenous peoples in the global mining boom. Routledge. Leslie, J. and Elijah, A., 2012. Does N= 2? Trans?Tasman Economic Integration as a Comparator for the Single European Market.JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies,50(6), pp.975-993. News.com.au (2017).Three things that make New Zealand better than Australia. [online] NewsComAu. Available at: https://www.news.com.au/finance/economy/three-things-that-make-new-zealand-better/news-story/efb745fbae40c0dd14e444cdeb60b3fd [Accessed 16 Aug. 2017]. Parkyn, O. and Vehbi, T., 2014. The effects of fiscal policy in New Zealand: Evidence from a VAR model with debt constraints.Economic Record,90(290), pp.345-364. Pitt.edu (2017).Bernanke - Chap. 8 -- Economic Growth. [online] Pitt.edu. Available at: https://www.pitt.edu/~mgahagan/Bern8.htm [Accessed 16 Aug. 2017]

Yuban coffee free essay sample

I. Introduction/Executive Summary and Product Description Yuban coffee is a brand of coffee you can find in your local grocery store that you probably did not know existed. It was founded by John Arbuckle, a famous coffee roaster, who has invented the original Yuban coffee in 1986. Yuban coffee only uses the best Arabica beans. In addition, Yuban is certificated by the Rainforest Alliance, which declares that at least 30% of Yuban coffee is organic. Chemical fertilizers and pesticides are not used on the organically grown beans and the rainforest alliance also works to sustain agriculture, forestry and tourism in the regions of the forest that the coffee beans are grown. More recently, Yuban coffee has been slowly grown, if grown at all, and has not been reaching its full potential. The main problem of Yuban is the lack of brand awareness and an unsuccessful marketing strategy. When the marketing strategy changes to solve these problems, it will make the Yuban brand more competitive and successful in the coffee market. We will write a custom essay sample on Yuban coffee or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Our marketing plan will be discussed in detail in the pages to come, but our general objective is to build brand awareness by defining and marketing towards a more specific target market. Also, with the implementation in of our recommendations, Yuban coffee will be able to reach this objective. Ultimately our marketing plan will consist of the following: 1. Increase Yuban’s brand image by: a. increasing brand awareness from business-to customers / Business-to-Business markets by penetrating the online and social media sectors b. creation and implementation of the vending machine/coffee brewing machine c. using recent acquisitions to push the Yuban name d. redesigning product packaging to reflect environmentally conscious brand II. Target Customer Analysis People in the United State love coffee, just like how people in China love tea. Research suggests that 50% of the population of United States drinks coffee and those coffee drinkers in the United State drinking more than 3 cups of coffee each day! Aside from the United States there are so many other people in the world who love coffee (E-imports, 2012). This makes coffee become the second valuable trading product after oil. For the people who love coffee, most of them have a favorite brand, even a specific taste. So for Yuban, they have a big market and great opportunity to develop. Yuban coffee is certified by the Rainforest Alliance Certification, which means Yuban coffee is healthier and environment friendly. â€Å"Made from 100% premium Arabica beans, YUBAN mountain-grown coffees offer uncompromising, robust flavor and seductive aroma† (Kraft. com). Also, because of this reason, Yuban coffee is more expensive than some other instant coffee, especially its caffeine-free organic coffee. Therefore, the target customer of Yuban coffee should be those people who are environmentally and health conscious, and willing to pay more money on coffee. In figure 2. 1 of the Appendix, the two charts show the difference purchasing power on different generations. We can see in the first chart that people in age 25-34, 35-44, and 45-54 have the strongest purchasing power. And people now in those ages fall into 3 generations different generations, the Baby boomer (1946-1965), Generation X (1966-1976) and the Millennial Generation (1977-1992). We feel the older generation being the baby boomers may not care too much about being health conscious, but if we had the time and money we would want to research this to find out if they are a part of our target market. The younger generation, being the millennial generation is anyone currently age 21-34. Then you finally have the last generation, which is Generation X, who includes anyone currently 37-47 years old. So, out of these 3 generations it will be in our best interest to go with the millennial generation. They have good economic condition, and they have good education background. It means they can afford higher price of coffee, and the Millennial generation will be the most environmentally conscious, which we will discuss in another part of the paper. III. Competitor Analysis Yuban competes in the premium coffee bean and ground coffee market. While there are numerous coffee brands competing in the North American marketplace, most of these compete on a cost leadership strategy. Only a few competitors such as Green Mountain Coffee, J. M. Smucker’s Folgers are brands which have small premium distributors such as Fair Winds Coffee and Organic Coffee Co. , and all compete in the premium coffee category within the environmentally friendly and fair trade category (Agas, 2006; Statistics, 2013). These brands specifically differentiate on quality rather than cost. Market Share of Main Competitors: The coffee bean and grind industry is highly fractured in terms of market share. While Yuban only has some 1. 93% of the marketplace, companies such as Folgers and Maxwell House have 21. 6% and 14. 62% respectively but with down market products (Statistics, 2013). Thus, it is quite clear that there is extensive room for further growth of the Yuban brand. Market Structure: The coffee industry is an extremely competitive one. However, the market structure of the coffee industry and specifically the coffee bean industry that provides the raw materials for Yuban could be described as an oligopoly. The specific characteristics of this oligopoly are, however, more reminiscent of a cartel because a relatively small number of suppliers control the supply and distribution of coffee beans globally (Igami, 2011). Consequently, Yuban, which is a brand within the Kraft Foods umbrella, has limited choice in selecting its supplies. The coffee bean industry was controlled officially through a cartel structure until 1989 under the International Coffee Agreement or ICA but thereafter market competition with new entrants such as Vietnam eroded the control of this official cartel organization (Igami, 2011). Yet, because coffee bean production is largely limited to certain geographic regions, these countries’ governments express a great deal of control over which entities control production and distribution. Competitive Barriers: There are a number of significant competitive barriers within the coffee bean and coffee grind industry. While virtually any firm can purchase the raw materials or even the finished product in the form of ground coffee, the packaging and distribution of the product is a much more sophisticated endeavor. The most significant competitive barrier is the establishment of a retail distribution channel which requires negotiated shelf space in retail outlets, distribution channels including warehousing and transportation services and product packaging and design facilities (Amato Amato, 2009). All of these factors require both material resources as well as managerial competencies that must be established prior to actually entering into the industry. Sources of Competitive Advantage: Yuban’s coffee retail coffee industry has several sources of competitive advantage. The primary source of competitive advantage for Yuban is its parent corporation’s size, scale and revenues. Kraft as a corporation that earned more than $18. 3 million during 2012 and its coffee products which include Yuban contributed an estimated 8% of these revenues to Kraft’s earnings for that period (Annual, 2012). Consequently, Yuban has access to Kraft’s considerable financial resources as well as its developed competencies in the selling and marketing competencies of major food product brands. IV. External environment analysis Economic environment: The main emerging markets in coffee consumption especially in Asia and South America market under the background of rising, global demand for coffee during fiscal year 2011 to 2012 rose 2%. During the fiscal year 2012 to 2013, global coffee production stabilized at about 146 million bales (60 kg per bag). Coffee is one of the most widely consumed beverages worldwide and in the United States. There are 183 million coffee drinkers in US and a 7% increase over 2011 in coffee consumption. Technological environment: Modern technology can improve the production process and achieve economies of scale. Ultimately sophisticated technology can help coffee production in many factors, the product brand, and the coffee beans. Ultimetly, the process of producing good quality coffee beans is relatively the same with some secrets of the drying process that differ. In our recommendations, we suggest the introduction of coffee vending machines, which will be an area that Yuban will differentiate itself from the rest of the coffee market. Political and legal environment: Low production of coffee beans, causing unstable climate could lead to a protectionist producers. So higher import prices to offset the damage caused by the low production. Yuban coffee is already rainforest certified, and thus the political environment is in its favor and will only cause it to grow more to become a more active leader in this political and legal area. Cultural and social environment: More than 50% of Americans drink coffee every day. This represents more than 150 million daily drinkers. 30 million U. S. adults have professional coffee drinks daily, which includes drinks such as mocha lattes, coffee, mocha coffees, cappuccino, and etc. 65% of coffee consumption in the breakfast time, between meals, with the remaining 5% and other foods. At the same time, 35% of coffee drinkers prefer black coffee. V. Company Analysis Yuban is an inexpensive brand of South American coffee. Comparing the same kind of coffee, Yuban provides lower price coffee than other brand in the market. Though Yuban coffee offers a lower price, it also emphasizes the quality of the product. Strength: Yuban provides 100% Arabica beans which are the finest coffee beans. To support the high quality coffee beans, the company gets the Arabica beans from some of the best coffee growing regions in the world, and the highest quality coffee beans are sourced from some of the finest beans grown in Central and South America. Thus, Yuban will continue to be made with 100 percent Arabica beans but not 100 percent from Colombia, and some of them from Brazil, Peru and Nicaragua and so on. In addition, to avoid ruining the coffees flavor, Yuban used a sugar and egg glaze on the beans in a roasting process, ensuring to keep the flavor of the beans a rich taste. Currently, Yuban is owned by Kraft Foods which is the worlds biggest buyer of Rainforest Alliance-certified coffee. And Yuban has been granted certification with the Rainforest Alliance in 2006. It means that there are at least 30% of its beans are organic. According to the certification, Yuban not only uses environmentally friendly farming methods, it is also required to provide a fair system to worker and efficient farm management. It is to keep the product quality in a high level while still supporting the team who is responsible for growing and protecting Yuban coffee beans. Weakness: Yuban does not have its own official website. If people want to buy Yuban coffee, they can only purchase it off of websites like Amazon and of course super markets. In a shopping website like Amazon, there are many different kinds of coffee brand, not just Yuban coffee. In fact, if people buy an instant coffee or coffee beans, most of them have a particular brand they buy and will not search another brand’s product. Consumers just focus on what they need and in this situation Yuban is not targeting its target customer because it is sharing the arena with many other coffee options available too. Yuban also does not have a renowned brand of coffee name or customer loyalty. An official website is useful to let customers focus on your brand’s product, and support more detail information about your company. It is an image that you are selling the customers. Thus, this is a weakness for Yuban coffee. Opportunity: People lifestyles are changing because more and more people enjoy drinking coffee, especially when humans reach a certain age in their life that is acceptable to drink coffee. Yuban can use the change of lifestyle trend to promote its coffee. After all, Yuban coffee is historic brand in coffee market, and it will give consumer confidence to taste its coffee. Thus, it is a good chance to increase the market share. Moreover, Yuban is owned by Kraft Foods which is one of the top 500 companies in the world. It can use Kraft Foods’ awareness and resources to attract more customers, because people may know what Kraft Foods is, but they may not know what Yuban is. Thus, Kraft Foods can support the confidence for the consumer, when the consumer consider whether to buy Yuban coffee or no. Yuban coffee also does not own different kind of coffee products. It keeps the style of traditional instant coffee, and launches several different types of coffee to suit customer preferences. So far, there are no other products other than instant coffee or whole coffee beans. Regardless of the season Yuban coffee products do not change where as some other coffee brands may offer different roasts or blends. There is an opportunity here because it can develop some new products which are based on 4 seasons a year. This can help attract more potential customers if we offer something different from time to time but still maintain our original product. Yuban coffee is also not packaged with much innovation to differentiate itself and sell. Yuban can increase market share through diversifying the products and also focusing on the packaging to offer a design that matches the purpose of it. Threat: Yuban coffee is certified through the Rainforest Alliance, but that only guarantees 30 percent of the beans in any package of Yuban coffee are organically grown. It means that there are 70 percent of Yuban coffee product that do not probably come from ecologically-sensitive farms. Customer may focus on the 70 percent of Yuban coffee product and worry about the quality of them. Yuban strives to support lower price and high quality product, but the organically grown coffee beans are more expensive than coffee beans that are not organically grown. If more and more customers pay more attention to this, Yuban coffee will lose some customers. Thus, this is one of the threats for Yuban coffee. What’s more, in the external environment, the economic recession will reduce customers’ demand of coffee, and there are many competitors in the coffee market, such as Folgers, Maxwell House, and Nescafe. However, Yuban coffee does not focus on the promotions or advertisements. It will affect the company’s business. It probably reduces its sales and profits, even market share. Thus, Yuban must confront these problems, and how to solve them. VI. Marketing Information Requirements In our research, we learned that Kraft Foods has a wide portfolio of recognized roast and ground coffee brands that is unique to every type of coffee customer. Their portfolio includes Maxwell House, Gevalia Kaffe, Yuban, and Cafe Collection. Yuban coffee is made from 100% premium Arabica beans, is mountain grown coffee which offers uncompromising, robust flavor and seductive aroma. According to the Kraft food website, Yuban coffee is made to appeal to those consumers who demand environmentally conscious products. Thus, Yuban coffee is perfect choice for customers who want to make a difference in the world. This strategy of marketing Yuban coffee to the environmentally conscious is part of our objective, however, Kraft foods has not differentiated who the environmentally conscious really are. We discussed earlier who our target market included, but let us take a closer look and understand them and their habits better. In a study conducted by Generate Insight (2009) â€Å"69% of millennial’s surveyed expressed genuine interest in the environment, but they also admitted to a lack of personal involvement in green-related activities. In short, this group understands the why but is unsure of the how† (Gaudelli, 1). Thus it will be our job to tap into how they can be a part of the green movement. If we had the time and money, which Kraft does have, we would recommend doing marketing research on the three generations which include gen x, baby boomers and the millenials to understand their buying habits especially when it comes to choosing an environmental conscious product over one that is not. VII. Marketing Mix Product: The package of Yuban coffee suggests that its drinkers can have great tasting cup of java and feel that they are participating in doing something great for coffee farmers as well as the environment. Yuban is grown according to Rain forest Alliance Certified standards and also applies organic coffee beans. Therefore, the product has two benefits, being better for the rain forest and world, and is also organic, which means you can feel really good when you drink Yuban. The package description also comprises information of there being a minimum of 30% Rain Forest Alliance Certified Coffee in each bag which is supposed to help in conservation of the environment as well as support coffee farmers (Cliath, 2007). Yuban coffee has a very distinctive smell than any other coffee. It has a fresh and pleasant smell, loaded with a fresh ground coffee bean fragrance. It is mild and has no bitter after taste (Cliath, 2007). The introduction stage is the first stage in the life cycle where the coffee was introduced to the market. At this stage there were low sales with high retail prices. Then there is the growth stage that is characterized by rapid increase in sales. This happened when the Yuban coffee was just introduced to the market. It is believed by some industries that Yuban coffee is still in the growth stage, signs indicate that it is in the maturity stage. In the maturity stage, there is high brand awareness, high distribution, and lower prices. Yuban coffee is believed to be in this stage (Cliath, 2007) however, we feel differently about this. We feel that Yuban can be reintroduced into the market with our recommendation and back track to the introduction and growth stage once more. The coffee is packaged in what seems to be a 12 ounce bags. Today it is packaged in the traditional preserved coffee containers, or in coffee cases. Coffee cases are individually sealed cups of premeasured grounds, designed for use in one cup coffee makers. They are packaged in reasonable pouches for convenience and freshness and the label also contains a K for Kosher on the outside. There is no indication through whether the bag is made of recyclable material or is (Cliath, 2007). Thus Yuban is not differentiating its packaging in relation to its purpose either. Customer service is required for the coffee brand so as to get the feedback from the customers on what they need improved. The product also does come with a warranty from the company. Customers are assured of the quality in the product. Place: Some products need much less market exposure than others. An ideal market exposure degree makes the coffee available widely enough to reach the target customer’s needs. This however, should not be exceeded. The ideal exposure degree involves intensive distribution, selective distribution, as well as exclusive distribution (Cliath, 2007). Yuban coffee is distributed both at the wholesale and the retail level. It distributed all across nations of the world. One is likely to get Yuban coffee at the supermarkets, retail shops, and coffee shops. It is also distributed directly by the company to the wholesalers. The product is aimed at individuals who feel that they are participating in the preservation of the environment and minimize or stop further destruction to the rain forest (Cliath, 2007). With our recommendation of introducing the Yuban vending machine, placing these machines in call centers across the nation, colleges and universities will be another way to introduce our environmentally conscious product to our target market. Promotion: The promotion objectives are to get customers to remain committed to buying environmentally conscious products and our customers will feel like they are doing their part in sustaining the world and environment through their purchase of Yuban coffee. Promotion Blend: The advertising plan will focus mainly launching a website for Yuban as well as its own Facebook, YouTube and other media site promotions. Though print advertising can be very beneficial we will try not to dive too deep in this area as we are promoting an environmentally conscious product and want to track our carbon footprint. Our copy thrust will be more psychological to ensure that customers are aware that they are doing the right thing by choosing to buy Yuban coffee. Personal selling can be used especially if we show customers who and where the original Yuban coffee beans are grown and cared for. This can be demonstrated through videos on YouTube and also shared on our Facebook page and website, similar to what Kashi does with their cereal products. Yuban can initiate a reward system that if their coffee packaging is recycled to certain grocery stores they can get a discount on the next Yuban coffee product they buy. Again here, customers can feel good about this buying process. Publicity will be used when we introduce Yuban coffee in the coffee shop recommendation through Tom n Toms and Urth Cafe. It will become recognized as the coffee used in these shops and slowly grow to the coffee used in customer homes and so on and so forth. Price: The demand for an entirely organic coffee is price sensitive because the cultivation of organic coffee is difficult. Thus, if we can figure out what the minimum requirements are to be certified as organic in FDA standards and such, then maybe 30% is good enough and we do not have to promote that our product is only 30% organic, and we can call it entirely organic if the requirements are not demanding. The pricing strategy for Yuban would be price slightly higher than competitors such as Folgers but only because of the environmental work that goes into sustaining what Yuban believes in. Also, by pricing our coffee slightly higher we can including something in our promotion that a part of the revenue from sales is pumped back into the environment to fix what matters most in the world environmentally. Yuban can offer discounts if their packaging is recyclable or reusable. We may be able to start an imitation to return Yuban coffee cans or jars to grocery stores to get a discount on their next Yuban purchase. This goes in line with what Yuban is all about and is also a discount to the customer which will get them to continually buy our brand of coffee. VIII. Recommendations and Implementation Brand recognition is very important and closely connected to the implementation of our recommendations. We recommend that Kraft first redesign and assign Yuban its own website so customers are aware of the different product offering and what this brand of coffee is all about. In the Internet age, people have always enjoyed looking on the different websites for the information they can find on each individual product, however, there is no independent or well put together website for Yuban coffee, which will make it difficult for investors to learn more. For example, Folgers which is another brand of coffee that everyone knows quite well due to the Folgers jingle actually has its own website despite the fact that it is a part of the Smuckers Company. Kraft food also has a portfolio of coffee that is targeted to different customers, however, Yuban has not been given that independence or leadership to stand alone or gain reputation. Maxwell House Coffee, the second of the 4 coffee brands/products of Kraft Foods has its own website, Facebook, and YouTube. Though Yuban is a product of Kraft Foods, Yuban has a poorly designed website with little information on it at all. Also, the Yuban page in Kraft Company official site is very simple. Yuban is a coffee made under the Kraft Food line, and it appears they are unwilling to pour in the proper funds needed to fund a separate Yuban Coffee Website. Customers are considered as the backbone of any businesses. Hence, Yuban need to be well aware of their customers’ satisfaction for their products or services, especially in their efforts to track the ‘environmentally conscious’ customer base. Also, Yuban should conclude problems reported by customers and try to fix the problems, which benefit the company’s further development. In addition, another recommendation for Yuban is that the brand can also develop vending machines that will provide hot coffee and specialty drinks with the touch of a button or two. Yuban is well known as a ground coffee product. However, making a coffee run to the nearest Starbucks or local coffee shop is not an option during the day. Hence, our recommendation of vending machines is also a very convenient to those customers. Especially if the machines are placed in locations such as college hallways and buildings where students are only allowed enough time to grab a quick beverage or snack during their short break. Placing the vending machines in call centers where hours of operations usually start early in the morning and are located in large multi-level buildings that grind and brew a cup of fresh coffee is would be a strategy which would allow Kraft foods to tap into the coffee machine business because not only would Kraft supply the coffee, which is Yuban in our case, but it would also sell the machine that brews the coffee to these business, or collect some sort of rent or lease for having it. Our third and final recommendation would be to become the coffee supplier of coffee shops such as Tom n Tom’s and Urth Cafe. Tom n Tom’s has an interesting location base in Los Angeles, Australia, Singapore and Thailand. They do not however carry or brew good quality coffee. Thus, by becoming the sole coffee provider for Tom n Tom’s will be a win-win situation. Urth Cafe is a cafe which offers exclusively organic coffee and tea, Yuban would fall into this category and could provide lower prices than other organically grown coffee. Though Urth Cafe currently only has location here in Los Angeles, it is only an example of the position that Yuban coffee can take in the market. Appendix Figure 2. 1 Figure 8. 1 Research and make improvement Time Event Cost Note One month Redesign a new website $30,000 Two months Shot video on You Tube $50,000 Three months Research and make improvement Included in customer service Long time Customer service department 200,000 per year

Morality and Legality in Lord of the Flies essays

Morality and Legality in Lord of the Flies essays In this day and age, morality and legality are two things that often dont go hand in hand. While the definition of being moral is at times sketchy, attempted murder in this case could by no means by considered moral. Jack represents savagery and the desire for power and his power was threatened immediately when the boys voted ralph as their leader. He continues to persue a leadership role and pushes his boundaries. Jack becomes obsessed with killing and hunting and funny devotes himself to the job. Ralph represents leadership even through the conch even though most of his tribe left for jacks tribe out of fear. Im scared of him, said piggy.(93) Jack had a motive to kill Ralph: jealously. he was jealous Ralph had been elected first and Ralph posed as a threat to his power. He had a stake sharpened at both ends ready for mounting ralphs head on and using as a symbol of power and savage leadership. In an attempt to make jack see reason, piggy and Ralph visit him. Jack fights Ralph, roger rolls a boulder on to piggy killing him and crushing the conch, and Ralph is then hunted like an animal. Jack wrenched free and swung at Jack with his spear(177) Attempted murder is defined as an attempt to kill. () Jacks attempt was with the spearing and tried again. (Pointing to piggys lifeless body) See? See? Thats what youll get! I meant that?,viciously, with full intention, he hurled his spear at ralph.(181) the key words are with full intention He did intend to kill Ralph. That was his plan, premeditated even because he had the spear sharpened and ready. Beyond the shadow of a doubt, jack is morally and legally guilty of attempted murder. ...

Business and IT

Information Technology (IT) is vogue today. It is penetrating in the lives of every generation. Everyone is using it for various purposes but the younger generation uses it the most. Thus generation has the glimpse of IT in all the work indulging daily life as well as the professional sector (Hamel & Prahalad, 2013). Earlier IT was not in much trend and thus, people used o do the work differently. Today, the way younger generations work is different from that of the older one. The differences between their ways of working are- Earlier, people used to do all the works manually, but now no one is done so. People do not prefer pen and paper work anymore. Everyone looks for digitalized things. Earlier there were mangers for every field but today the managers are replaced by systems (Crain, 2015). puters do all the work that people used to do. Use of technology increases the transparency between firm and the customers and also in every level of employees. Also, it saves great amount of money and thus enabling the firm to utilize the money in other sectors. The older generation might not know the proper use of technology and thus gap may arise between the generations giving rise to many other issues. The environment of the firm may get spoilt because of this. Thus, use of IT must be done in an organization with proper assistance and surveillance keeping the older generations in mind. Hamel, G., & Prahalad, C. K. (2013). peting for the Future. Harvard Business Press. Crain, W. (2015).  Theories of development: Concepts and applications. Psychology Press.

Plea Bargaining Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Plea Bargaining - Essay Example Besides, the delay of justice inherent in legal trials will also practically amount to a denial of justice. Therefore, plea bargaining is a legal option when a defendant willingly agrees to settle a particular case under certain conditions and guidelines. Plea bargaining allows for a settlement of many cases outside the court when the two adversarial sides agree to reach an agreement (Goldstein, 1985, p. 62). In cases subjected to plea bargaining, either of the two sides, which are either the defendant or the prosecution, can initiate negotiations for plea bargaining, if both sides are willing to reach an agreement (Goldstein, 1985, p. 63). Plea bargaining usually involves a defendant pleading guilty to some or all of the charges levied against him or her, in return for which the prosecution makes recommendations for leniency in the sentence to be awarded to the defendant (Goldstein, 1985, p. 63). The hallmark of plea bargaining is that under no circumstances a judge is bound to hono r the recommendations made by the prosecution (Goldstein, 1985). Much of the plea bargains are subject to the court approval. Though the option of plea bargaining has its positives, yet it is also predisposed to certain demerits. Plea bargaining allows a defendant to avoid the loss of time and resources required for defending him or her (Tonry, 2000, p. 469). Plea bargaining also allows a defendant a chance to avoid stringent and harsh sentences and the accompanying negative publicity that a full trial may achieve (Tonry, 2000, p. 469). This also saves the courts the burden of carrying out a full trial of all the charges brought before them. By engaging in plea bargaining, the prosecution also saves on time and resources. Besides, it goes without saying that a criminal trial involves much uncertainty and anxiety. Plea bargaining helps concerned parties to avoid such uncertainty and anxiety (Tonry, 2000). Plea bargaining readily offers a conviction to the prosecution and allows one t o shape the sentencing as per one’s inclinations and aspirations (Tonry, 2000). Plea bargaining also has a favorable impact on the already overcrowded prison system. Plea bargaining also has its demerits in the sense that the detractors of this option hold that it offers to the criminals an easy way out of the criminal justice system (Saney, 1986, p. 139). The other disadvantage of plea bargaining is that it is open to the approval of the courts. If a court does not agree to an agreement achieved through plea bargaining, the case is left open to a full trial (Saney, 1986, p. 139). Plea bargaining is also harsh on the defendants in the sense that once a defendant pleads guilty and signs an agreement reached through plea bargaining, one will be left with no option to submit an appeal at a later stage if the case goes for a full trial (Saney, 1986). Though it is pragmatic to conclude that the option of plea bargaining helps the courts being crippled by a deluge of trials, still the criminal justice system needs to contrive better options which would allow for the exercise of justice without weighing heavily on the scarce resources at its disposal. Luckily, besides plea bargaining, many other legal options are available to the criminal justice system. Diversion programs stand to be one such option.

Professional Analysis of Job Description Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Professional Analysis of Job Description - Essay Example A HR manager should have excellent control over communication skills. This not only involves speaking and listening, but also not verbal communication such as written and control over facial expressions. For a company that requires only the best, prior experience in this field is an absolute necessity. Until and unless the HR manager has seen and lived through enough years of handling different employees, a manager is not be ready to face challenges that a big company creates. The HR manager position at the manufacturing organization is very demanding even for an experienced manager. Apart from the skills required as mentioned in the above section, the HR manager would be required to develop the organization and management culture. Complete business units/teams will have to be created, coordinated and evaluated so that managers could meet their business objectives. The HR manager would also be required to improve the individual skills of the employees so that the organization as a whole can benefit from it. Another differentiating requirement for this HR manager position is the need to be involved in the commercial decisions taken by the organization. Not only would the manager need to understand business decisions, the manager would also need to facilitate the business and solve any business issues within the organizational teams. Truly such responsibilities cannot be undertaken by an inexperienced manager, in-fact an experienced manager would find under taking such duties, roles and responsibilities enormously challenging. (McNamara,